PIV MEASUREMENTS OF PARTICLE VELOCITIES AND TRAJECTORIES FOR INTERNAL WAVES PROPAGATING IN A TWO-LAYER FLUID ON A SLOPING BOUNDARY
ICCE 2012 Cover Image
PDF

Keywords

internal waves
velocity
trajectory
flow measurement
PIV

How to Cite

Umeyama, M., & Nguyen, K.-C. (2012). PIV MEASUREMENTS OF PARTICLE VELOCITIES AND TRAJECTORIES FOR INTERNAL WAVES PROPAGATING IN A TWO-LAYER FLUID ON A SLOPING BOUNDARY. Coastal Engineering Proceedings, 1(33), currents.54. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.54

Abstract

Some characteristics of internal waves propagating in a two-layer fluid on a sloping bottom were investigated experimentally using particle image velocimetry (PIV) that was originally developed to express the velocity field in a two-dimensional area. Two dimensional vector distributions of velocity were estimated at several phases during one wave cycle. The method of characteristics was adapted to calculate the interfacial displacement and water particle trajectory. In addition, the variations of wave speed, wave height and wave setup from deepwater to shallow-water regions by an imaging technique were compared with those by a wave dissipation model based on the radiation stress concept. These attempts proved the ability of the imaging technique to accurately measure both temporal and spatial variations of some physical quantities due to the propagation of internal waves. The PIV technique was applied to the prediction of Lagrangian velocity in a Eulerian scheme. The measured particle path was compared with the positions found theoretically by the method of characteristics.
https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.currents.54
PDF

References

Adrian, R.J. 1991. Particle imaging techniques for experimental fluid mechanics, Annual Review of Fluid Mech., 23, 261-304.http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.fl.23.010191.001401

Cacchione, D. A., and C. Wunsch. 1974. Experimental study of internal waves over a slope, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 66, 223-329.http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112074000164

Carrier, G. F., and Greenspan, H. P. 1957. Water waves of finite amplitude on a sloping beach, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 4, 97-109.http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112058000331

De Silva, I.P.D., Imberger, J., and G.N. Ivey. 1997. Localized mixing due to a breaking internal wave ray at a sloping bed, Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 350, 1-27.http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112097006939

Grue, F., Jensen, A., Rusas, P.-O. and Sveen, J.K. 1999. Properties of large-amplitude internal waves. Journal of Fluid Mechanics, 380, 257-278.http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112098003528

Helfrich, K. R. 1992. Internal solitary wave breaking and run-up on a uniform slope. Jounal of Fluid Mechanics, 243, 133-154.http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S0022112092002660

Lamb, H. (1932). Hydrodynamics, Dover, pp. 370-372.

Longuet-Higgins, M. S., and Stewart, R. W. 1964. Radiation stress in water waves: A physical discussion, with applications. Deep-Sea Research, 11, 529-562.

Michallet, H., and Ivey G. N. 1999. Experiments on mixing due to internal solitary waves breaking on uniform slopes. Journal of Geophysical Research, 104(C6), 13467-13477.http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/1999JC900037

Shimizu, R., Shintani, T. and Umeyama, M. (2005). Instantaneous and Lagragian velocity fields of internal waves on a slope by PIV measurement and numerical simulation. Annual Journal of Coastal Engineering, 52, 1-5.http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proce1989.52.1

Stevens, C. L., and M. J. Coates. 1994. Applications of a maximized cross-correlation technique for resolving velocity fields in laboratory experiments, Journal of Hydraulic Research, IAHR, 32(2), 195-212.http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00221689409498723

Umeyama, M. 2002. Experimental and theoretical analyses of internal waves of finite amplitude, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, 128(3), 133-141.http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2002)128:3(133)

Umeyama, M. 2008. PIV techniques for velocity fields of internal waves over a slowly varying bottom topography, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, 134(5), 286-298.http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2008)134:5(286)

Umeyama, M. 2010. Coupled PIV and PTV measurements of particle velocities and trajectories for surface waves following a steady current, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, 137(2), 85-94.http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)WW.1943-5460.0000067

Umeyama, M., and H. Matsuki. 2011. Measurements of velocity and trajectory of water particle for internal waves in two density layers, Geophysical Research Letters, 38, AGU, L03612.

Umeyama, M., and H. Shinomiya. 2009. Particle image velocimetry measurements for Stokes progressive internal waves, Geophysical Research Letters, 36(6), AGU, L06603.

Umeyama, M. and Shintani, T. 2004. Visualization analysis of runup and mixing of internal waves on an upper slope, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, 130(2), 89-97.http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2004)130:2(89)

Umeyama, M. and Shintani, T. 2006. Transformation, attenuation, setup, and undertow of internal waves on a gentle slope, Journal of Waterway, Port, Coastal and Ocean Engineering, ASCE, 132(6), 477-486.http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0733-950X(2006)132:6(477)

Umeyama, M., Shintani, T. & Watanabe, S., 2010. Measurements of particle velocities and trajectories in a wave-current motion using PIV and PTV, Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Coastal Engineering, ASCE, Waves.2.

Wunsch, C. 1971. Note on some Reynolds stress effects of internal waves on slopes, Deep-Sea Research, 18, 583-591.

Willert, C.E. and M. Gharib. 1991. Digital particle image velocimetry, Experiments in Fluids, 10, 181-193.http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00190388

Authors retain copyright and grant the Proceedings right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this Proceedings.