DESTRUCTION MECHANISM OF COASTAL LEVEES ON THE SENDAI BAY COAST HIT BY THE 2011 TSUNAMI

Akira Mano; Hitoshi Tanaka; Keiko Udo

doi:10.9753/icce.v33.management.14

No. 33 (2012), Coastal Management, Environment, and Risk

No. 33 (2012)

DESTRUCTION MECHANISM OF COASTAL LEVEES ON THE SENDAI BAY COAST HIT BY THE 2011 TSUNAMI

Coastal Management, Environment, and Risk

https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.14

Published 2012-10-09

Akira Mano⁺⁻
Hitoshi Tanaka⁺⁻
Keiko Udo⁺⁻

Akira Mano

Tohoku University

Hitoshi Tanaka

Tohoku University

Keiko Udo

Tohoku University

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Keywords

durable levee
tsunami surge
return flow
flow concentration
breach

How to Cite

Mano, A., Tanaka, H., & Udo, K. (2012). DESTRUCTION MECHANISM OF COASTAL LEVEES ON THE SENDAI BAY COAST HIT BY THE 2011 TSUNAMI. Coastal Engineering Proceedings, 1(33), management.14. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.14

Abstract

A mega tsunami hit the Sendai Bay Coast on March 11, 2011, overtopped coastal levees and intruded into far inland while sweeping houses, people and others away. Eighty percent of the levees which rimmed the coast to protect the land from storm surges together with the wind waves were broken in various degrees of damage by the tsunami. The national and local governments decided to rebuild the levees to be durable even for mega tsunamis. This requirement motivates us to find the destruction mechanism of the coastal levees. We conducted field investigations and collected the tsunami records, aerial photos and tsunami videos. Especially, the video taken from the helicopter "Michinokugo" which flew along the Sendai Coast to the south during the attack of the tsunami's leading wave enables us to see the breaking process. Integrated analysis leads to two step mechanisms of the destruction: the first step of breaking the upper structure of the levees by the surging bore of the leading wave and the second step of expanding erosion by the return flow concentration.

https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v33.management.14

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References

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Authors retain copyright and grant the Proceedings right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this Proceedings.

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DESTRUCTION MECHANISM OF COASTAL LEVEES ON THE SENDAI BAY COAST HIT BY THE 2011 TSUNAMI

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