OBLIQUE WAVE ATTACK ON CUBE AND ROCK ARMOURED RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATERS

Guido Wolters; Marcel Van Gent

doi:10.9753/icce.v32.structures.34

No. 32 (2010), Coastal Structures

No. 32 (2010)

OBLIQUE WAVE ATTACK ON CUBE AND ROCK ARMOURED RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATERS

Coastal Structures

https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.structures.34

Published 2011-01-29

Guido Wolters⁺⁻
Marcel Van Gent⁺⁻

Guido Wolters

Deltares

Marcel Van Gent

Deltares

Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference

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Keywords

rubble mound breakwaters
breakwater stability
armour layers
oblique waves
rock slopes
cubes

How to Cite

Wolters, G., & Van Gent, M. (2011). OBLIQUE WAVE ATTACK ON CUBE AND ROCK ARMOURED RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATERS. Coastal Engineering Proceedings, 1(32), structures.34. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.structures.34

Abstract

Stability formulae for armour layers of rubble mound breakwaters are usually being applied assuming perpendicular wave attack. Often it is assumed that for oblique wave attack the reduction in damage compared to perpendicular wave attack is small. This seems however a very conservative assumption. Wave basin tests at Deltares provide information to assess the effects of oblique waves on the stability of rock slopes and cube armoured rubble mound breakwaters. This includes cubes in a single layer and cubes in a double layer. The results show that the few available formulae that include wave obliquity underestimate the effects of oblique wave attack; the observed damage to breakwaters with armour layers of rock and cubes is lower and therefore new stability increase factors and mass reduction factors have been developed. The tests were performed for wave directions between perpendicular (0ï‚°) and 70ï‚°. The results show that large potential savings in diameter and mass can be obtained for large angles of wave obliquity.

https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.structures.34

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References

CEM. 2005. Coastal Engineering Manual, Part VI, US Army Corps of Engineers, Washington, D.C.

Frens, A.B., M.R.A. van Gent and J. Olthof. 2008. Placement methods for antifer armour units, World Scientific, Proc. ICCE 2008, Vol.4, pp.3337-3345.

Galland, J.-C. 1994. Rubble mound breakwater stability under oblique waves: and experimental study, Proc. Coastal Engineering 1994, 1061-1074.

Hudson, R.Y. 1959. Laboratory investigations of rubble mound breakwaters, J. Waterways & Harbors Div, Am Soc Civ Engrs, vol 85, no WW3, Paper no 2171, 93-121.

Rock Manual. 2007. The Rock Manual. The use of rock in hydraulic engineering, CIRIA, CUR, CETMEF, 2nd edition, C683, CIRIA, London.

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Yu, Y.-X., S.-X. Liu, C.-H. Zhu. 2002. Stability of armour units on rubble mound breakwater under multi-directional waves, Coastal Engineering Journal, Vol. 44, No. 2, 179-201.http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/S0578563402000482

Authors retain copyright and grant the Proceedings right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this Proceedings.

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OBLIQUE WAVE ATTACK ON CUBE AND ROCK ARMOURED RUBBLE MOUND BREAKWATERS

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